Vital rates of larval fish from Coastal Newfoundland, Canada

The data in the files of this dataset represent the raw and standardized information of the distribution of the number of prey in stomachs of larval fish, the increments widths derived from larval fish, and the mortality rates, that were included in the study by Pepin (2024) into the probability distribution of larval fish vital rates.

Data were collected from different surveys and process-oriented investigations conducted in coastal Newfoundland, Canada, as part of a number of studies into the ecology of the ichthyoplankton community (Supplementary material Tables S1-S3). Field work was carried out between April and September, with most collections taking place from June to August, in three deep bays along the east coast of Newfoundland (Bonavista Bay: 48°45′N, 53°20′W; Trinity Bay: 48°00′N, 53°30′W; Conception Bay: 47°45′N, 53°00′W).

Larval fish were collected using either a ring net (0.75m diameter, 165 µm mesh; Pepin and Penney (1997)), bongo nets (0.6m diameter, 333 µm mesh), or a 4 m2 variable-mesh Tucker trawl (333, 570 and 1000 µm mesh; ) towed at 1.5 m s-1. Samples were preserved in 4-5% buffered formaldehyde, or in 95% ethanol for otolith-based estimation of growth rates. Ichthyoplankton were sorted from samples, identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, and measured to the nearest 1 mm using an ocular micrometer or to the nearest 0.1 mm using an image analysis system in studies focussed on comparison of growth rates.

The number of prey In the stomachs of larvae were derived from seasonal surveys (May to September) conducted in 1985 and 1986 in Conception Bay, in which eleven taxa were sufficiently abundant to be considered for stomach analysis (Supplementary Table S1; Stomach content data EN.csv). The fish species were Clupea harengus, Mallotus villosus, Gadus morhua, Glyptocephalus cynoglossus, Hippoglossoides platessoides, Myzopsetta ferruginea, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, Tautogolabrus adspersus, Stichaeus punctatus, Ulvaria subbifurcata, and Liparis spp. (Pepin and Penney, 1997). The digestive tract of each specimen was removed, and the contents teased apart using fine dissecting needles. The stage of digestion was noted, and the contents were counted and identified to the lowest taxonomic and life stage possible. The number of observations per species ranged from 92 to 272 larvae. Stomach contents are considered representative of a 3-8 hour foraging period, and dependent on temperature based on a Q10 of 2. Within species, most larvae were collected within a 30 day period.

Patterns of variation in growth rates were based on analysis of daily increment widths determined from the sagittal otolith of several cohorts of U. subbifurcata (Supplementary material Table S2; Otolith data EN.csv, Otolith data standardized EN.csv), as well as unpublished data for U. subbifurcata, G. cynoglossus, H. platessoides, M. ferruginea, M. villosus and T. adspersus (Supplementary material Table S2). Each otolith was mounted in a small drop of cyanoacrylate, ground to the mid-plane, with a series of graded silicon carbide papers (1000 and 1200 grits), before polishing with 0.3 µm diameter alumina powder. The width of each increment was identified by marking the outer edge of that increment along the longest axis of each otolith, which occasionally required refocusing of the image. An Olympus BH-2 compound microscope (500 or 1000  magnification) and a computer-imaging system were used for the measurements. Otoliths were aged twice to evaluate the accuracy and excluded from further analysis if the error in ageing exceeded 1 increment. Each otolith increment was assumed to represent one day.

Length-based estimates of mortality rate were derived from the application of ratio-based estimators, as per Pepin (2016), which provide highly resolved estimates of rates of loss for 1 mm length classes (Supplementary material Table S3; Mortality rate EN.csv). Abundance data were taken from 18 different surveys of the study region. Analyses were performed for 13 collections based on the use of a 4 m2 Tucker trawl with variable mesh size. In five surveys, paired 60 cm diameter bongo nets with 333 µm mesh were used to collect larval fish. The analyses were restricted to larvae from 3 to 20 mm standard length. Although survey designs differed among studies, estimates of average abundance (number m-2) for were derived from each survey for 1mm length intervals from 4 to 17 species of larval fish, depending on the location and time of year. The survey grids were sampled from 1 to 3 times during the course of a study, and each sampling period was treated independently to derive mortality estimates in the same manner as large-scale population surveys commonly used in process studies. Although length-based estimates of mortality integrate the possible effects of variations in growth rates, the use of 1 mm length classes limits the bias consequences of these variations to integration periods of 3-4 days based on the age-based growth rates estimated for the fish species used in this study.

To combine the data across broad ranges of length (feeding and mortality data) and ages (increment width data) all observations (xi) were standardized to zero mean and unit standard deviation (yi – Z scores) for each length or age interval with more than 3 observations (i, based on n observations) (See formula in attached abstact) for each species, length or age interval. Standardization transforms feeding count data into a continuous distribution. In the case of feeding and growth data, the standardization was carried out for each species and cohort within species, respectively. Because mortality data were less numerous, standardization was performed for 1 mm interval using all taxa because previous analyses had failed to identify significant differences among taxa (Pepin, 2016).

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2023-0339

References:

Pepin, P. 2016. Death from near and far: Alternate perspectives on size-dependent mortality in larval fish. Ices Journal of Marine Science, 73: 196-203. 10.1093/icesjms/fsv160

Pepin, P. 2024. A probabilistic foundation for the study of larval fish feeding, growth, and mortality rates. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. http://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2023-0339

Pepin, P., and Penney, R. W. 1997. Patterns of prey size and taxonomic composition in larval fish: are there general size-dependent models? Journal of Fish Biology, 51: 84-100.

Jeux de données disponibles au téléchargement

Informations supplémentaires

Champ Valeur
Dernière mise à jour octobre 20, 2025, 03:06 (TU)
Créé octobre 20, 2025, 03:06 (TU)
Domaine / Sujet
Domaine ou sujet du jeu de données catalogué.
Biota, Oceans
Titre
Titre du jeu de données.
Vital rates of larval fish from Coastal Newfoundland, Canada
Description
Une description du jeu de données.

The data in the files of this dataset represent the raw and standardized information of the distribution of the number of prey in stomachs of larval fish, the increments widths derived from larval fish, and the mortality rates, that were included in the study by Pepin (2024) into the probability distribution of larval fish vital rates.

Data were collected from different surveys and process-oriented investigations conducted in coastal Newfoundland, Canada, as part of a number of studies into the ecology of the ichthyoplankton community (Supplementary material Tables S1-S3). Field work was carried out between April and September, with most collections taking place from June to August, in three deep bays along the east coast of Newfoundland (Bonavista Bay: 48°45′N, 53°20′W; Trinity Bay: 48°00′N, 53°30′W; Conception Bay: 47°45′N, 53°00′W).

Larval fish were collected using either a ring net (0.75m diameter, 165 µm mesh; Pepin and Penney (1997)), bongo nets (0.6m diameter, 333 µm mesh), or a 4 m2 variable-mesh Tucker trawl (333, 570 and 1000 µm mesh; ) towed at 1.5 m s-1. Samples were preserved in 4-5% buffered formaldehyde, or in 95% ethanol for otolith-based estimation of growth rates. Ichthyoplankton were sorted from samples, identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, and measured to the nearest 1 mm using an ocular micrometer or to the nearest 0.1 mm using an image analysis system in studies focussed on comparison of growth rates.

The number of prey In the stomachs of larvae were derived from seasonal surveys (May to September) conducted in 1985 and 1986 in Conception Bay, in which eleven taxa were sufficiently abundant to be considered for stomach analysis (Supplementary Table S1; Stomach content data EN.csv). The fish species were Clupea harengus, Mallotus villosus, Gadus morhua, Glyptocephalus cynoglossus, Hippoglossoides platessoides, Myzopsetta ferruginea, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, Tautogolabrus adspersus, Stichaeus punctatus, Ulvaria subbifurcata, and Liparis spp. (Pepin and Penney, 1997). The digestive tract of each specimen was removed, and the contents teased apart using fine dissecting needles. The stage of digestion was noted, and the contents were counted and identified to the lowest taxonomic and life stage possible. The number of observations per species ranged from 92 to 272 larvae. Stomach contents are considered representative of a 3-8 hour foraging period, and dependent on temperature based on a Q10 of 2. Within species, most larvae were collected within a 30 day period.

Patterns of variation in growth rates were based on analysis of daily increment widths determined from the sagittal otolith of several cohorts of U. subbifurcata (Supplementary material Table S2; Otolith data EN.csv, Otolith data standardized EN.csv), as well as unpublished data for U. subbifurcata, G. cynoglossus, H. platessoides, M. ferruginea, M. villosus and T. adspersus (Supplementary material Table S2). Each otolith was mounted in a small drop of cyanoacrylate, ground to the mid-plane, with a series of graded silicon carbide papers (1000 and 1200 grits), before polishing with 0.3 µm diameter alumina powder. The width of each increment was identified by marking the outer edge of that increment along the longest axis of each otolith, which occasionally required refocusing of the image. An Olympus BH-2 compound microscope (500 or 1000  magnification) and a computer-imaging system were used for the measurements. Otoliths were aged twice to evaluate the accuracy and excluded from further analysis if the error in ageing exceeded 1 increment. Each otolith increment was assumed to represent one day.

Length-based estimates of mortality rate were derived from the application of ratio-based estimators, as per Pepin (2016), which provide highly resolved estimates of rates of loss for 1 mm length classes (Supplementary material Table S3; Mortality rate EN.csv). Abundance data were taken from 18 different surveys of the study region. Analyses were performed for 13 collections based on the use of a 4 m2 Tucker trawl with variable mesh size. In five surveys, paired 60 cm diameter bongo nets with 333 µm mesh were used to collect larval fish. The analyses were restricted to larvae from 3 to 20 mm standard length. Although survey designs differed among studies, estimates of average abundance (number m-2) for were derived from each survey for 1mm length intervals from 4 to 17 species of larval fish, depending on the location and time of year. The survey grids were sampled from 1 to 3 times during the course of a study, and each sampling period was treated independently to derive mortality estimates in the same manner as large-scale population surveys commonly used in process studies. Although length-based estimates of mortality integrate the possible effects of variations in growth rates, the use of 1 mm length classes limits the bias consequences of these variations to integration periods of 3-4 days based on the age-based growth rates estimated for the fish species used in this study.

To combine the data across broad ranges of length (feeding and mortality data) and ages (increment width data) all observations (xi) were standardized to zero mean and unit standard deviation (yi – Z scores) for each length or age interval with more than 3 observations (i, based on n observations) (See formula in attached abstact) for each species, length or age interval. Standardization transforms feeding count data into a continuous distribution. In the case of feeding and growth data, the standardization was carried out for each species and cohort within species, respectively. Because mortality data were less numerous, standardization was performed for 1 mm interval using all taxa because previous analyses had failed to identify significant differences among taxa (Pepin, 2016).

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2023-0339

References:

Pepin, P. 2016. Death from near and far: Alternate perspectives on size-dependent mortality in larval fish. Ices Journal of Marine Science, 73: 196-203. 10.1093/icesjms/fsv160

Pepin, P. 2024. A probabilistic foundation for the study of larval fish feeding, growth, and mortality rates. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. http://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2023-0339

Pepin, P., and Penney, R. W. 1997. Patterns of prey size and taxonomic composition in larval fish: are there general size-dependent models? Journal of Fish Biology, 51: 84-100.
Étiquettes / Mots-clés
Mots-clés/étiquettes catégorisant le jeu de données.
Format (CSV, XLS, TXT, PDF, etc.)
Format de fichier du jeu de données.
Taille du jeu de données
Taille du jeu de données en mégaoctets.
Identifiant des métadonnées
Identifiant des métadonnées — peut être utilisé comme identifiant unique pour l’entrée du catalogue.
Date de publication
Date de publication du jeu de données.
2024-01-01
Période temporelle des données (date de début)
Date de début des données dans le jeu de données.
Période temporelle des données (date de fin)
Date de fin des données temporelles du jeu de données.
Zone géospatiale couverte
Région spatiale ou lieu nommé couvert par le jeu de données.
Champ Valeur
Catégorie d’accès
Type d’accès accordé pour le jeu de données (ouvert, restreint, service, etc.).
Licence
Licence utilisée pour accéder au jeu de données.
Open Government Licence - Canada
Restrictions d’utilisation
Restrictions d’utilisation des données.
Emplacement
Emplacement du jeu de données.
https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/c9af2234-6716-4548-aad7-0a8aa1b33dd9
Service de données
Service de données pour accéder à un jeu de données.
Propriétaire
Propriétaire du jeu de données.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada | Pêches et Océans Canada
Point de contact
Qui contacter concernant l’accès ?
Courriel du point de contact
Courriel à utiliser pour l’accès ?
Éditeur
Éditeur du jeu de données.
Courriel de l’éditeur
Adresse courriel de l’éditeur.
[email protected]
Auteur
Auteur du jeu de données.
Courriel de l'auteur
Adresse courriel de l’auteur.
Date d’accès
Date à laquelle les données et métadonnées ont été consultées.
Champ Valeur
Identifiant
Identifiant unique du jeu de données.
Langue
Langue(s) du jeu de données
Lien vers la description du jeu de données
Une URL vers un document externe décrivant le jeu de données.
Identifiant persistant
Les données sont identifiées par un identifiant persistant.
Identifiant globalement unique
Les données sont identifiées par un identifiant persistant et globalement unique.
Contient des données sur des individus
Le jeu de données contient-il des données sur des individus ?
Contient des données identifiables sur des individus
Le jeu de données contient-il des données identifiables sur des individus ?
Contient des données autochtones
Le jeu de données contient-il des données sur des communautés autochtones ?
Type de portail
Type de plateforme du portail source.
Champ Valeur
Version
Version du jeu de données
None
Source
Source du jeu de données.
None
Notes de version
Notes de version à propos du jeu de données.
Est une version d’un autre jeu de données
Lien vers le jeu de données dont celui-ci est une version.
Autres versions
Lien vers les jeux de données qui en sont des versions.
Texte de provenance
Texte de provenance des données.
URL de provenance
URL de provenance des données.
Résolution temporelle
Décrit la granularité des données temporelles dans le jeu de données.
Résolution géospatiale en mètres
Décrit la granularité (en mètres) des données géospatiales dans le jeu de données.
Résolution géospatiale (par régions)
Décrit la granularité (par régions) des données géospatiales dans le jeu de données.
Champ Valeur
Permission de la communauté autochtone
Qui détient la permission de la communauté autochtone. Qui contacter pour l’accès à un jeu de données concernant des communautés autochtones.
Permission communautaire
Permission communautaire (qui a accordé la permission).
Les communautés autochtones concernées par le jeu de données
Communautés autochtones dont sont issues les données.
Champ Valeur
Nombre de lignes de données
Pour un jeu de données tabulaire, nombre total de lignes.
Nombre de colonnes de données
Pour un jeu de données tabulaire, nombre total de colonnes uniques.
Nombre de cellules de données
Pour un jeu de données tabulaire, nombre total de cellules contenant des données.
Nombre de relations de données
Pour un jeu de données RDF, nombre total de triplets.
Nombre d’entités
Pour un jeu de données RDF, nombre total d’entités.
Nombre de propriétés de données
Pour un jeu de données RDF, nombre total de propriétés uniques utilisées par les triplets.
Qualité des données
Décrit la qualité des données du jeu de données.
Métrique de qualité des données
Une métrique utilisée pour mesurer la qualité des données, telle que les valeurs manquantes ou les formats invalides.

0 Commentaires

Please login or register to comment.