POWER Annual Meteorology

This annual meteorology service provides time-enabled global Analysis Ready Data (ARD) parameters from 1981 to 2023 for the NASA Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resource (POWER) Project's communities.

The Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resource (POWER) Project gathers NASA Earth Observation data and parameters related to the fields of surface solar irradiance and meteorology to serve the public in several free, easy-to-access, and easy-to-use methods. POWER helps communities become resilient amid observed climate variability by improving data accessibility, aiding research in renewable energy development, building energy efficiency, and agriculture sustainability. POWER is funded through the NASA Earth Action Program within the Earth Science Mission Directorate at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC).

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This annual meteorology service provides time-enabled global Analysis Ready Data (ARD) parameters from 1981 to 2023 for POWER’s communities.

 

Time Interval: Annual

Time Extent: 1981/01/01 to 2023/12/31

Time Standard: Local Sidereal Time (LST)

Grid Size: 0.5 x 0.5 Degree

Projection: GCS WGS84

Extent: Global

Source: NASA Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER)

For questions or issues please email: [email protected]



Meteorology Data Sources:

  • NASA's GMAO MERRA-2 archive (Jan. 1, 1981 – Dec. 31, 2023)

Meteorology Data Parameters:

  • CDD10 (Cooling Degree Days Above 10 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is above 10 degrees Celsius.
  • CDD18_3 (Cooling Degree Days Above 18.3 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is above 18.3 degrees Celsius.
  • DISPH (Zero Plane Displacement Height): The height at which the mean velocity is zero due to large obstacles such as buildings/canopy.
  • EVLAND (Evaporation Land): The evaporation over land at the surface of the earth.
  • EVPTRNS (Evapotranspiration Energy Flux): The evapotranspiration energy flux at the surface of the earth.
  • FROST_DAYS (Frost Days): A frost day occurs when the 2m temperature cools to the dew point temperature and both are less than 0 C or 32 F.
  • GWETTOP (Surface Soil Wetness): The percent of soil moisture a value of 0 indicates a completely water-free soil and a value of 1 indicates a completely saturated soil; where surface is the layer from the surface 0 cm to 5 cm below grade.
  • HDD10 (Heating Degree Days Below 10 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius.
  • HDD18_3 (Heating Degree Days Below 18.3 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is below 15.3 degrees Celsius.
  • PBLTOP (Planetary Boundary Layer Top Pressure): The pressure at the top of the planet boundary layer.
  • PRECSNOLAND_SUM (Snow Precipitation Land Sum): The snow precipitation sum over land at the surface of the earth.
  • PRECTOTCORR_SUM (Precipitation Corrected Sum): The bias corrected sum of total precipitation at the surface of the earth.
  • PS (Surface Pressure): The average of surface pressure at the surface of the earth.
  • QV10M (Specific Humidity at 10 Meters): The ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total mass of air at 10 meters (kg water/kg total air).
  • QV2M (Specific Humidity at 2 Meters): The ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total mass of air at 2 meters (kg water/kg total air).
  • RH2M (Relative Humidity at 2 Meters): The ratio of actual partial pressure of water vapor to the partial pressure at saturation, expressed in percent.
  • T10M (Temperature at 10 Meters): The air (dry bulb) temperature at 10 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • T2M (Temperature at 2 Meters): The average air (dry bulb) temperature at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • T2MDEW (Dew/Frost Point at 2 Meters): The dew/frost point temperature at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • T2MWET (Wet Bulb Temperature at 2 Meters): The adiabatic saturation temperature which can be measured by a thermometer covered in a water-soaked cloth over which air is passed at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • TO3 (Total Column Ozone): The total amount of ozone in a column extending vertically from the earth's surface to the top of the atmosphere.
  • TQV (Total Column Precipitable Water): The total atmospheric water vapor contained in a vertical column of unit cross-sectional area extending from the surface to the top of the atmosphere.
  • TS (Earth Skin Temperature): The average temperature at the earth's surface.
  • WD10M (Wind Direction at 10 Meters): The average of the wind direction at 10 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WD2M (Wind Direction at 2 Meters): The average of the wind direction at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WD50M (Wind Direction at 50 Meters): The average of the wind direction at 50 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WS10M (Wind Speed at 10 Meters): The average of wind speed at 10 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WS2M (Wind Speed at 2 Meters): The average of wind speed at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WS50M (Wind Speed at 50 Meters): The average of wind speed at 50 meters above the surface of the earth.

Datasets available for download

Additional Info

Field Value
Last Updated March 24, 2026, 21:07 (UTC)
Created March 24, 2026, 21:04 (UTC)
Domain / Topic
Domain or topic of the dataset being cataloged.
Title
Title for the Dataset.
POWER Annual Meteorology
Description
A description of the dataset.

This annual meteorology service provides time-enabled global Analysis Ready Data (ARD) parameters from 1981 to 2023 for the NASA Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resource (POWER) Project's communities.

The Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resource (POWER) Project gathers NASA Earth Observation data and parameters related to the fields of surface solar irradiance and meteorology to serve the public in several free, easy-to-access, and easy-to-use methods. POWER helps communities become resilient amid observed climate variability by improving data accessibility, aiding research in renewable energy development, building energy efficiency, and agriculture sustainability. POWER is funded through the NASA Earth Action Program within the Earth Science Mission Directorate at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


This annual meteorology service provides time-enabled global Analysis Ready Data (ARD) parameters from 1981 to 2023 for POWER’s communities.

 

Time Interval: Annual

Time Extent: 1981/01/01 to 2023/12/31

Time Standard: Local Sidereal Time (LST)

Grid Size: 0.5 x 0.5 Degree

Projection: GCS WGS84

Extent: Global

Source: NASA Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER)

For questions or issues please email: [email protected]



Meteorology Data Sources:

  • NASA's GMAO MERRA-2 archive (Jan. 1, 1981 – Dec. 31, 2023)

Meteorology Data Parameters:

  • CDD10 (Cooling Degree Days Above 10 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is above 10 degrees Celsius.
  • CDD18_3 (Cooling Degree Days Above 18.3 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is above 18.3 degrees Celsius.
  • DISPH (Zero Plane Displacement Height): The height at which the mean velocity is zero due to large obstacles such as buildings/canopy.
  • EVLAND (Evaporation Land): The evaporation over land at the surface of the earth.
  • EVPTRNS (Evapotranspiration Energy Flux): The evapotranspiration energy flux at the surface of the earth.
  • FROST_DAYS (Frost Days): A frost day occurs when the 2m temperature cools to the dew point temperature and both are less than 0 C or 32 F.
  • GWETTOP (Surface Soil Wetness): The percent of soil moisture a value of 0 indicates a completely water-free soil and a value of 1 indicates a completely saturated soil; where surface is the layer from the surface 0 cm to 5 cm below grade.
  • HDD10 (Heating Degree Days Below 10 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius.
  • HDD18_3 (Heating Degree Days Below 18.3 C): The daily accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is below 15.3 degrees Celsius.
  • PBLTOP (Planetary Boundary Layer Top Pressure): The pressure at the top of the planet boundary layer.
  • PRECSNOLAND_SUM (Snow Precipitation Land Sum): The snow precipitation sum over land at the surface of the earth.
  • PRECTOTCORR_SUM (Precipitation Corrected Sum): The bias corrected sum of total precipitation at the surface of the earth.
  • PS (Surface Pressure): The average of surface pressure at the surface of the earth.
  • QV10M (Specific Humidity at 10 Meters): The ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total mass of air at 10 meters (kg water/kg total air).
  • QV2M (Specific Humidity at 2 Meters): The ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total mass of air at 2 meters (kg water/kg total air).
  • RH2M (Relative Humidity at 2 Meters): The ratio of actual partial pressure of water vapor to the partial pressure at saturation, expressed in percent.
  • T10M (Temperature at 10 Meters): The air (dry bulb) temperature at 10 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • T2M (Temperature at 2 Meters): The average air (dry bulb) temperature at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • T2MDEW (Dew/Frost Point at 2 Meters): The dew/frost point temperature at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • T2MWET (Wet Bulb Temperature at 2 Meters): The adiabatic saturation temperature which can be measured by a thermometer covered in a water-soaked cloth over which air is passed at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • TO3 (Total Column Ozone): The total amount of ozone in a column extending vertically from the earth's surface to the top of the atmosphere.
  • TQV (Total Column Precipitable Water): The total atmospheric water vapor contained in a vertical column of unit cross-sectional area extending from the surface to the top of the atmosphere.
  • TS (Earth Skin Temperature): The average temperature at the earth's surface.
  • WD10M (Wind Direction at 10 Meters): The average of the wind direction at 10 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WD2M (Wind Direction at 2 Meters): The average of the wind direction at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WD50M (Wind Direction at 50 Meters): The average of the wind direction at 50 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WS10M (Wind Speed at 10 Meters): The average of wind speed at 10 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WS2M (Wind Speed at 2 Meters): The average of wind speed at 2 meters above the surface of the earth.
  • WS50M (Wind Speed at 50 Meters): The average of wind speed at 50 meters above the surface of the earth.
Tags / Keywords
Keywords/tags categorizing the dataset.
Format (CSV, XLS, TXT, PDF, etc)
File format of the dataset.
Dataset Size
Dataset size in megabytes.
0.1
Metadata Identifier
Metadata identifier – can be used as the unique identifier for catalogue entry
Published Date
Published date of the dataset.
2021-11-30
Time Period Data Span (start date)
Start date of the data in the dataset.
Time Period Data Span (end date)
End date of time data in the dataset.
GeoSpatial Area Data Span
A spatial region or named place the dataset covers.
Field Value
Access category
Type of access granted for the dataset (open, closed, service, etc).
public
License
License used to access the dataset.
Data Use: When POWER data products are used in a publication, we request the following acknowledgment be included: "These data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center POWER Project funded through the NASA Earth Science Directorate Earth Action Program."Data Redistribution: To assist the POWER Project in providing the best service to the scientific community, we request notification if you transmit POWER data to other researchers.Publication Reprints: The POWER Project requests a reprint of any published papers or reports or a brief description of other uses (e.g., posters, oral presentations, etc.) of data products that we have distributed. This will help us determine the use of data that we distribute, which is helpful in optimizing product development. It also helps us to keep our product-related references current. Please contact us at [email protected] for instructions on mailing reprints.Acknowledgements: The POWER team could not have completed this task without both technical and scientific inputs from the following Earth Science Mission Directorate teams: The World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment's (GEWEX) Surface Radiation Budget (NASA/GEWEX SRB) and the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) projects at NASA Langley Research Center and the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
Limits on use
Limits on use of data.
Location
Location of the dataset.
https://climat.esri.ca/datasets/NASA::power-annual-meteorology
Data Service
Data service for accessing a dataset.
Owner
Owner of the dataset.
bmacpher_NASA
Contact Point
Who to contact regarding access?
NASA ArcGIS Online
Contact Point Email
The email to contact regarding access?
[email protected]
Publisher
Publisher of the dataset.
NASA ArcGIS Online
Publisher Email
Email of the publisher.
Author
Author of the dataset.
bmacpher_NASA
Author Email
Email of the author.
Accessed At
Date the data and metadata was accessed.
2024-12-17
Field Value
Identifier
Unique identifier for the dataset.
0974a33b537f46f495e328b85a229fec
Language
Language(s) of the dataset
English
Link to dataset description
A URL to an external document describing the dataset.
https://climat.esri.ca/datasets/NASA::power-annual-meteorology
Persistent Identifier
Data is identified by a persistent identifier.
Globally Unique Identifier
Data is identified by a persistent and globally unique identifier.
Contains data about individuals
Does the data hold data about individuals?
Contains data about identifiable individuals
Does the data hold identifiable data about individual?
Contains Indigenous Data
Does the data hold data about Indigenous communities?
Portal Type
Platform type of the source portal.
Field Value
Version
Version of the datatset
None
Source
Source of the dataset.
None
Version notes
Version notes about the dataset.
Is version of another dataset
Link to dataset that it is a version of.
Other versions
Link to datasets that are versions of it.
Provenance Text
Provenance Text of the data.
NASA ArcGIS Online
Provenance URL
Provenance URL of the data.
Temporal resolution
Describes how granular the date/time data in the dataset is.
GeoSpatial resolution in meters
Describes how granular (in meters) geospatial data is in the dataset.
GeoSpatial resolution (in regions)
Describes how granular (in regions) geospatial data is in the dataset.
Field Value
Indigenous Community Permission
Who holds the Indigenous Community Permission. Who to contact regarding access to a dataset that has data about Indigenous communities.
Community Permission
Community permission (who gave permission).
The Indigenous communities the dataset is about
Indigenous communities from which data is derived.
Field Value
Number of data rows
If tabular dataset, total number of rows.
Number of data columns
If tabular dataset, total number of unique columns.
Number of data cells
If tabular dataset, total number of cells with data.
Number of data relations
If RDF dataset, total number of triples.
Number of entities
If RDF dataset, total number of entities.
Number of data properties
If RDF dataset, total number of unique properties used by the triples.
Data quality
Describes the quality of the data in the dataset.
Metric for data quality
A metric used to measure the quality of the data, such as missing values or invalid formats.

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